Archive for nigeriang

Bidvest financial year profit rises, upbeat on outlook

Bidvest financial year profit rises, upbeat on outlook

South African
industrial conglomerate Bidvest posted higher full-year profit on
Monday as solid demand from emerging markets offset a stronger rand,
and said it was looking for potential acquisitions.

Bidvest, whose
businesses include auto retailing, shipping and food distribution, has
been helped by exposure to fast-growing markets such as Asia, which
have largely escaped the worst of the global downturn.

It also expects a
boost from decades-low interest rates at home, and as economies in
Europe and South Africa make a gradual recovery.

Bidvest, which has
a market value of around $6.2 billion, said in a statement it is
budgeting for “real growth” in earnings in the coming year.

“Our capacity to do deals is quite significant,” Chief Executive Officer Brian Joffe said in a telephone interview.

“We obviously have to put our balance sheet to work over the next short while.”

He declined to say
how much Bidvest would be looking to spend on a potential acquisition.
The company has said it is looking to expand its food service business
in Europe.

The company’s
current leverage ratio stands at around 30 percent, Joffe said, adding
that could “easily” be boosted to 40 or 50 percent.

Overseas profits

Bidvest, which
makes more of a quarter of its sales overseas, said full-year results
were boosted largely by stronger auto sales in South Africa and rising
demand for catering services in Asia.

“It’s a good
quality set of results and shows that something is happening in the
economies it operates in,” said Mark Hodgson, an analyst at Avior
Research.

But the company was also hit by the strengthening rand, which eats into the value of overseas earnings.

Earlier this month
the rand hit a 2-1/2 year high against the dollar, prompting South
Africa’s finance minister to say he was concerned about the rise of the
currency.

Bidvest’s Joffe
said the soccer World Cup, which was expected to lift earnings at home,
failed to deliver due to fewer than expected foreign visitors.

Headline earnings per share rose 15 percent to 1,070 cents in the year to end-June.

Headline EPS, the main gauge of profit in South Africa, strips out certain one-time items.

Revenue fell 2.3 percent to 109.8 billion rand, hit in part by the stronger rand.

Bidvest’s cash
generation increased 18.3 percent to 8 billion rand, debt fell 7.3
percent to 3.8 billion rand, while finance charges dropped by around a
quarter.

Shares of the
Johannesburg-based company, which are little changed so far this year,
gained 1.2 percent to 130.50 rand as of 1110 GMT, slightly
underperforming a 1.6 percent rise in the blue-chip Top-40 index.

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The best mobile browser

The best mobile browser

It is possible some
people may not have heard of browser wars. This term is used to
describe the rivalries for the control of the web browsing market,
specifically between Microsoft’s Internet Explorer and Netscape’s
Navigator in the 1990s (Internet Explorer won that one hands down), and
the resurgence of rivals to Internet Explorer since 2003. The major
competitors are Mozilla’s Firefox, Apple’s Safari, and more recently,
Google’s Chrome.

All this is in the
desktop computing space however, and Opera, a Norwegian software maker,
has always been one of the ‘little’ boys in that battle. But in recent
times, the mobile browsing space is becoming more significant and more
important, and when it comes to that space, Opera is king. Today, we
are going to take a look at their browser for mobile phones, Opera Mini.

First things first,
Opera Mini is free. Simply go to Opera.com and download it. It is
supported through a partnership between the Opera Software company and
Google.

The browser is
designed primarily for mobile phones, smart phones, and personal
digital assistants. It uses the Java ME platform and as a result,
requires that the mobile device be capable of running Java ME
applications.

Opera Mini was
derived from the Opera browser for personal computers, which has been
publicly available since 1996. It began as a pilot project in 2005 and
after limited releases in Europe, it was officially launched worldwide
on January 24, 2006.

Easy interface

Opera Mini has an
easy interface with an address bar and a Google search bar. Mobile
users do not need more than this really, and Opera manages to put them
in a short column that requires little scrolling. A pop-up menu
available from any screen brings you directly to any of these basic
navigational components, no matter how deeply you are in a site. A
Settings tool opts in or out of image loading, forcing the screen to
jump to the first available text, font size changes, etc.

For me, the killer
feature of Opera Mini is that it requests web pages through Opera
Software’s servers. The servers are configured to process, and then
compress them before relaying the pages back to your mobile phone. This
compression process makes transfer time about two to three times
faster, and the pre-processing smoothes compatibility with web pages
not designed for mobile phones.

Some websites are
not yet compatible with mobile phones, so do not render well on your
Blackberry’s native browser, but render quite well on Opera Mini. All
this is done without taxing the phone itself, and most crucially for
me, in a way that is very friendly to the Nigerian pocket. Images on
the websites are scaled down so you can see them on your phone, but
they do not use much of the 100MB that Zain (what’s their new name
nowadays?) allocates on what I consider to be the most reasonably
priced mobile Internet plan in Nigeria.

For someone like me
who does most of my mobile browsing on a Blackberry, this browser is a
must have. The only problem I had with it was that it kept crashing
each time I opened more than four tabs at a time, but that was probably
a function of the kind of websites I visit.

However, it beats
RIM’s own Blackberry browser hands down, and neither the Android’s
native browser, nor Safari on the iPhone are nearly as good as what
Opera has put out in the Mini. This browser is a must-use for anyone
who is serious about having access to the Internet on the go.

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Putting the “people” in PPP structures

Putting the “people” in PPP structures

There were two
interesting headlines in the local papers last week. The first,
‘Nigeria needs N23 trillion for oil exploration’, was all about the
sums required as investment in exploration and development in the
upstream sector of the oil and gas industry, if the country is to
achieve its oil output targets over the next five years. What struck me
most about all the reports on this particular story was that you had to
be close to the end of each one before the initial sense, in the
screaming headlines that somehow it was in the power and responsibility
of the managers of the public accounts to find the US$150 billion
(N22.5 trillion), which the oil industry would be needing, was
dispelled. Obviously, the larger portion of this investment will have
to come from non-public sources, if these targets are to be met.

The other story,
‘Lekki residents protest planned road toll’, concerned the hoopla over
the host communities’ response to the poster child of the Lagos State
government’s public private partnership (PPP) scheme. Apparently
worried over plans by the state government to permit a private
developer toll vehicles plying a 24km stretch of the Lekki-Epe
expressway, residents of Eti-Osa east and west local councils in Lagos,
blocked traffic on the road. The immediate toll was on commuters along
that narrow corridor. But there are, in addition, other far-reaching
and more disturbing costs.

Seemingly
unrelated, these two stories tell of Nigeria’s modern day struggle with
the task of development. At one level, a rapidly growing population and
its needs have put a strain on a public sector budget still stranded in
the dynamics of the 1970’s, when new oil wealth augmented the national
purse. In the absence of much intelligent work at growing the public
sector’s revenue sources over the years, it has become fashionable to
argue that alone on its own, that sector can no more bear the burden of
national development. At several removes, a number of us have argued as
well that the main development concern might not be with dwindling
public sector revenues. Ignore clear evidence of defalcation and sticky
fingers in public offices, and it is increasingly clear that as society
gets more sophisticated, and needs multiply, the efforts (however
well-intended) of a few eggheads in the economic planning ministries of
government cannot help individuals, let alone whole communities reach
optimum solutions. In our case, we have also seen how cack-handed
government can be, even in the management of the projects it has
identified as priorities in its efforts at driving economic development.

However, to the
argument that government ought to hand over the economy to private
sector operators, except “in those cases where the cost to the private
operator of providing goods/services results in benefits to consumers
for which the provider cannot fully charge”, one encounters the
counter-question, “Which government?” For this requirement presupposes
a public sector that is capable, once it has privatised the “commanding
heights of the economy”, of arbitrating fairly between private
commercial interests, to the material advantage of the “electorate as
consumers”.

This is one
assignment that is so palpably beyond the ken of our governments as
presently constituted. It simultaneously calls for corrections to
governance structures that allow government decisions to better reflect
the aggregate of society’s choices along all the dimensions of our
lives. More crucially, it also requires capacity building in the
non-political arm of government, which properly done, should put the
bureaucracy in a better position to create conditions that will lead to
the implementation of this aggregate of society’s choices.

Without all of
this, the decisions about which sectors of the economy require private
sector funding as a necessary condition for going forward, and how much
such investment will be needed over successive plan horizons, will
remain guesstimates. That these are likely to be over- or
under-estimates is the least of the problems here. The more worrisome
consideration is the possibility that as a consequence, we end up
duplicating across the economy, the current stasis in the downstream
sector of our oil industry.

Still, the decision
as to where to let private sector spending take over from the public
sector is slightly less important than the governance arrangements
“pre-” and “post-” these decisions. This is the main lesson from the
unfolding debacle in the Lekki corridor: in all of this, the people
matter!

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Awol from governance

Awol from governance

Everywhere you turn its all talks about politics
and nothing but. It is not a bad thing but the politics that has taken
over the land is not politics of development or ideas. It is about who
gets what office and how to retain power.

Governors have abandoned governance to play
politics of 2011. Those of them that have served the maximum two terms
are looking into what roles they can play after their terms and thus
extend their political careers. These roles follow a narrow range from
wresting a Senate candidacy or something higher to jockeying to become
a political godfather, or have a say in who becomes president. In sum
politics has become an end in itself.

This jockeying for positions is not restricted to
the state level. It is perhaps even worse at the federal level. Since
Goodluck Jonathan assumed office on May 6 after the death of President
Umaru Musa Yar’Adua, governance at the federal level has been in
abeyance. What has taken the centre stage since then has been the
question of whether Mr. Jonathan is going to contest or not. He has not
officially declared his intention but all indications are that his
first deliberate foray into elective office will be for the top post.
The president’s political journey thus far has depended on an
auspicious ticket, from deputy governor to governor and from vice
president to president. His ministers and aides have all taken leave of
their duty posts and are busy hobnobbing across the country currying
support for their principal’s ambition.

There is nothing wrong in seeking to contest,
either at the state or federal levels, but we all must survive these
elections and carry on our daily lives before and after 2011. As things
stand now most of the office holders are busy using government
resources to campaign to the disadvantage of other candidates. The
first casualty of this is governance, at federal and state levels.
Attention to administration has taken a nosedive as officialdom focuses
on politicking.

At the state levels governors are no longer
concentrating on the task of delivering dividends of democracy to their
people. Things that should engage the attention of those saddled with
the onerous task of governance are left undone. A case in point is the
cholera epidemic, which is sweeping across some states in the northern
part of the country. The latest is that the other parts of the country
are not going to be immune from the epidemic.

Other affairs of state have also been relegated to
the backseat as road construction and other infrastructures that should
be put in place have been abandoned until after the elections. The
result is that as no one is paying attention to these facilities, plans
to maintain them have fallen apart. Roads are riddled with crater holes
leading to avoidable accidents and loss of lives.

Last week Thursday President Jonathan was in Lagos
to launch his roadmap for power. His arrival at the airport was turned
into a political carnival. The roadmap created a road jam. Major
highways in the city were shut down for several hours leading to a
complete traffic gridlock that irritated a metropolitan electorate
already on a short fuse.

Why should a whole city be shut down just because
the president was visiting to launch a grandiose plan that may not see
the light of day? Haven’t we passed this road before? The Olusegun
Obasanjo administration after eight years spent over $16 billion for
the same thing. What did we get in return?

The general feeling is that the elections are
coming and politicians need slush funds to campaign. It is regrettable
that the electorate as always is at the receiving end of this renewed
absence of governance that has taken over the country. It is important
to stress at this juncture that this should not be the case. We should
expect to be deafened by examples of what has been achieved and what
more will be promised if we vote …

While we understand that elections periods are usually characterised
by a lull in serious government activities, those in power should not
allow this to deter them from their primary duty because at the end of
the day the Nigeria is the loser when there is no purposeful
governance.

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She didn’t stay so she’s a bitch

She didn’t stay so she’s a bitch

He lied, went
behind her back and had multiple affairs with many women with no regard
for the home they had built together or the impact it would have on
their children. He went totally against the vows he made in front of
friends and family and in the eyes of God. So she decided to walk away
because trust, that bedrock upon which her marriage stood had been
irrevocably broken.

And now she is the
bitch, vilified and demonised. I am talking about Elin Nordegren, the
much-maligned wife of golfing king, Tiger Woods. After maintaining a
very dignified silence throughout the sordid sex scandal she gave an
interview to People Magazine in which she talked about the emotional
difficulties she faced when she found out her husband was cheating.

For Woods fans
particularly the Nigerian ones, this was too much. So on Facebook and
other social media websites, abuse of all sort has been heaped on
Nordegren’s head. Some of the more colourful phrases used to describe
her include “ f***king bitch, stupid woman, bloody nanny, gold digger
and whiner.” Her crime according to them is that she refused to
forgive. After all they argue she was just a nanny when Woods married
her and now she is walking away with a fortune. It seems Nordegren’s
refusal to play the “ dutiful” wife who stands by her man makes her a
horrible person. In all this only a handful of commentators even made
reference to the behavior that precipitated the divorce – Woods’ serial
cheating. Even those people insisted that their commentary on Nordegren
had to be isolated from their commentary on Woods’ behavior. As one
commentator put it, that is “a topic for another day”. The commentator
didn’t see the irony in trying to pass judgment on Nordegren’s action
in isolation from the behavior that led to it.

Throughout these
discussions, one theme that kept re-emerging is that Woods married the
wrong girl. He should have married a black girl or even better, a
Nigerian woman. The implication was that if that were the case, he
would still be married. Nigerian women were ‘ strong’ some
commentators said and therefore capable of forgiving these sorts of
transgressions and indeed do so on a regular basis. It is almost as
if Nigerian women have a gene that makes it easy for them to tolerate
cheating.

This simplistic
analysis of course does not delve into the socio-cultural issues that
mean the average Nigerian woman has very little choice when it comes to
walking away from a cheating husband. Our laws and traditions are
largely skewed in favour of men.

Children belong to the man;
inheritance is not always automatic for women and in many parts widows
do not automatically inherit from their husbands. If there was a more
even playground and women could take some of the wealth they helped
create, just how many Nigerian women would stay? There are too many
who remain in unsatisfactory marriages, with all the tensions inherent
in that union because they have no options, making it impossible for us
to conclude that those who stay are making a willful decision not
determined by economic and cultural circumstances. Evidence for this
can be gleaned from the high rate of sexual infidelity and support for
polygamy, which makes it difficult for women to go against the tide.
There is also discrimination against unmarried women and the stigma
attached to childless women. Increasingly too, and perhaps because of
circumstances, Nigerian women are becoming more materialistic, focusing
on what economic gains they can get from a relationship rather than all
the other things the union is supposed to provide. There are of
course women who decide to reach an accommodation with their spouses
even though they recognize the marriage has failed. Such couples remain
together for the sake of their children, the higher good, so to speak,
takes precedence over personal happiness.

A lucky few are able to
completely salvage their unions after a spouse has cheated. These are
the ones who genuinely forgive. This is also laudable because
forgiveness is important not just in marriage but in every sphere of
human interaction. A few studies have even found that this sort of
turbulence if handled properly can lead to a more meaningful
relationship between the couple.

The point however, is that circumstances vary and people will make decisions based
on their own personal situation, a state of affairs that many a time we
on the outside are not privy to. So those who decide to walk away also
deserve understanding. Speak to anyone who has gone through a divorce,
it is a tough, heart wrenching process that is life changing for all
those involved, from spouses to children to the wider extended
family and friends. It is not a step taken lightly.

Instead of passing judgment, join me in wishing Woods and Nordegren
the best. While her settlement will mean Nordegren won’t worry about
money, she now has the task of building her self -esteem and learning
to trust again; these are no easy feats. As for Woods, he has to deal
with the fact that he helped dismantle a home he worked to build,
disrupting everything but especially the lives of his children whom he
must love dearly. Woods must find a way to forgive himself, if he is to
move on, and that too is no mean feat.

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Tennis served extra large

Tennis served extra large

Juan Martin del Potro, Robin Soderling and Tomas
Berdych all stand at least 6 feet 4 inches. Each bombards opponents
with powerful groundstrokes from the baseline. Each moves, when
healthy, with speed and athleticism atypical of men their size.

Each also toppled Roger Federer in a Grand Slam
event in the past year, three defeats on three surfaces – U.S. Open
(del Potro), French Open (Soderling) and Wimbledon (Berdych) –
highlighting the evolution of men’s tennis, a game in which the tall
and mighty once survived on serve alone.

“That’s what you have to do against Federer,” said
Justin Gimelstob, a Tennis Channel commentator and retired pro. ‘`You
have to put pressure on him. You have to put power into his backhand.
You’ve got to match his athleticism and movement. That’s where the
sport is going.

‘’I call those players the new hybrid.”

Pros were once divided more easily into two
categories: big men who pummeled tennis balls but moved clumsily, and
smaller men who played with elegance and artistry, a backhanded way of
saying they lacked a certain power. There were exceptions, sure. Now,
few players hit harder than the 6-foot-1 Rafael Nadal.

But he is surrounded by the evolution, by del
Potro (6-6 and recovering from injury), Berdych (6-5) and Soderling
(6-4), and by the next wave of American talent, players like Sam
Querrey (6-6) and John Isner (6-9). They are elite young pros – or the
makings of an undersize NBA frontcourt.

This trend, an infiltration of taller, stronger
players with athleticism to match, mirrors developments in women’s
tennis and changes across sports. It also forecasts a different game.
Even Nadal recently said that he must play more aggressively to contend
at important tournaments, and he did so in winning the French Open and
Wimbledon.

‘’These guys all have the ability to dictate
whether they’re going to lose a match,“ said Darren Cahill, a retired
player turned ESPN analyst. ”They all hit the ball a ton. They all move
gracefully. Tennis has become more of a big-man game.”

Gimelstob noticed the change before he retired in
2007. In a recent interview, the 6-5 Gimelstob described taller players
like him as ‘’big and slow“ back then. The 6-3 Boris Becker, nicknamed
Boom Boom, was once regarded as a hulking force on tour, but he would
not stand out for size alone today.

‘’The boys are so powerful off of the baseline
now that they don’t have to come to the net to finish points,“ Becker
said. ”That’s the reason we went to the net. To finish the point.
Nowadays, even the big guys can hit winners four feet behind the
baseline.”

But that explains only part of the evolution. As
far back as when rackets switched from wood to graphite, purists have
fretted that power would take over tennis. Artistry ultimately won out
for years.

Becker, like many, said that more recent advances
in string and racket technology were also influential. Extra spin
helped shots once seemingly headed for the fence land safely within the
lines. As Cahill conducted a recent interview, Berdych walked down the
hallway at the Rogers Cup in Toronto

‘’Look at how big he is,“ Cahill said. ”He can
stand behind the baseline and take huge swings. With that ability,
players can unload on shots you never could have 20 years ago, 15 years
ago.”

As Federer said in Toronto, serves of more than
200 kilometers an hour (about 125 mph) once registered as big. Now they
are normal.

Average second serves, meanwhile, have increased
by about 25 mph, in Federer’s estimation. Returns have therefore also
gotten faster, and with fewer players approaching the net, placement
has become less important.

Racket technology, Federer added, allows for different angles, shorter and more varied for shots smacked at maximum speed.

All of which, Federer argued, lowered the margin for error.

‘’Guys are hitting the ball bigger than ever,“ he
said. ”I’m very good, but I don’t have the margins like maybe exist in
women’s tennis that you can just come out and dominate an opponent
every single time. That just doesn’t happen in the men’s game.”

Paul Annacone, the coach who started working with
Federer recently, described him as a forward thinker more than willing
to adapt. He pointed to the championship Federer secured in Cincinnati
and his ‘’commitment and belief.”

Cahill even argued that the serve-and-volley style
considered a tennis dinosaur in some quarters would eventually return.
Such is the cyclical nature of all sports, including this one. Others
advocate simpler rackets and strings, a limit to evolution.

Perhaps tennis’ next superstar will stand tall and serve big and play with a Federer-like elegance.

‘’There’s still room for flair and artistry and
playing a game that’s going to confuse people,“ Cahill said. ”Federer
has proven that, time and time and time again. Even with the new string
technology, which has been around for 10 years. He still won 16
majors.”

Regardless, the next wave has arrived. Call it the hybrid generation.

© 2010 New York Times News Service

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S(H)IBOLLETH: Growing Old in a Country Eternally Young

S(H)IBOLLETH: Growing Old in a Country Eternally Young

It is becoming more
and more frightening to grow old in a country where elderly people are
treated like rags and sometimes as spiritually dangerous creatures.
Indigenous traditions in Africa and elsewhere invite us to honour the
elderly and make provision for their upkeep. Old age is understood as a
blessing from the maker, a reward for some good work, though sometimes
re-explained as an opportunity given to individuals to mend their ways
before it is too late.

In whichever way
old age is conceptualized, the fact remains that it is considered a
great abnormality for a community to lack the elderly. In recent times
life expectancy in Nigeria seems to have fallen and one can find the
most elderly in a local community being just 55 years or even less,
people shrug their shoulders and snap their fingers, saying the
situation is much like a curse. A community that lacks the elderly
lacks a store of wisdom and wealth of experience for.

In spite of the
growing tendency to look towards new ways imposed by modernity, there
are always occasions to turn to the elderly to seek advice on how to
handle challenging situations. In a modern Nigerian society that is not
sure about how to use the past, or that is uncomfortable with memory,
have the elderly not become stereotyped as witches and wizards whose
presence is a danger to the progress of the very children and grand
children they have always craved to have? Have their children and
grandchildren not abandoned them, believing that if they get closer,
these elderly ones would take ex their younger souls in exchange for
theirs?

What about the
government of the day? How friendly are its policies to the senior
citizens of the country? How much attention is paid to how housing,
environmental planning and social activities affect the well being of
the hoary-haired among us? The attitude of the government to the
elderly at best seems to be that of indifference.

Perhaps the
unfortunate idea is that these elderly ones do not contribute much to
society, that they are rather a liability. With the exception of the
efforts made by religious groups, one does not see any significant
community welfare programmes designed to cater for the psychological,
medical, or physiological well-being of elderly people in a 50-year old
country where elected politicians spend billions on entertainment,
buying several fleets of cars and airplanes.

We seem to live in
a society that prefers eternal youth and which sees the elderly as
signifiers of what it does not want to be.

As a beginning
“nation” we are to be excused as learners and we keep promising that we
will learn. Give us time. Give us the chance to burn and then resurrect
from our ashes. Give us the chance to take ourselves to Hell before
getting to Heaven. Give us the chance to bury our elderly ones first
and then come back to follow the rest of the welfare-oriented world.

Nigeria at 50 is
nothing but “Oke wie aji o buru akakpo oke” (The rat that renews its
hair becomes a midget rat). It will never grow up or grow older. It is
satisfied with being akakpo oke! Even when it is 2000 years old as
akakpo oke, it will still prefer playing in the sand like a toddler,
asking to be given more time to grow up. As a country that prefers to
be eternally young, why would it bother to have laws or policies that
help to ensure that the rights of elderly are not violated?

In public places
like banks, post offices, does one ever see separate queues reserved
for the elderly, to prevent such occurrences as sick or tired ones
slumping and dying? Even when out of frustration such elderly ones try
to jump the queue, does one not hear very inconsiderate remarks about
how this “old baba” or “old mama” does not want to respect him or
herself? A callous and insensitive crowd that we have become, we hardly
think about how we would want to be treated if we were that old and
made to wait in a long queue.

Very soon the 2011
elections will take place in a country that is 50 years old but would
have wished it were 50 years young. That akakpo oke country will issue
the very elderly folks it does not cater for with voters cards and ask
them to queue up for hours to vote in an akakpo oke president or
governor or senator, or other distinguished akakpo oke politicians of
the nth republic. The votes of the elderly count too, but against them.
Some will definitely slump and die where akakpo oke politicians have
brought them to use them as stools to stepping into the saddle of a
future that cannot run as fast as its past.

Indeed, growing old in a country eternally young is a very regrettable encounter with citizenship.

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It’s witch-hunt season

It’s witch-hunt season

The last time a Democrat sat in the
White House, he faced a nonstop witch hunt by his political opponents.
Prominent figures on the right accused Bill and Hillary Clinton of
everything from drug smuggling to murder. And once Republicans took
control of Congress, they subjected the Clinton administration to
unrelenting harassment – at one point taking 140 hours of sworn
testimony over accusations that the White House had misused its
Christmas card list.

Now it’s happening again – except that
this time it’s even worse. Let’s turn the floor over to Rush Limbaugh:
“Imam Hussein Obama,” he recently declared, is “probably the best
anti-American president we’ve ever had.”

To get a sense of how much it matters
when people like Limbaugh talk like this, bear in mind that he’s an
utterly mainstream figure within the Republican Party; bear in mind,
too, that unless something changes the political dynamics, Republicans
will soon control at least one house of Congress. This is going to be
very, very ugly.

So where is this rage coming from? Why is it flourishing? What will it do to America?

Anyone who remembered the 1990s could
have predicted something like the current political craziness. What we
learned from the Clinton years is that a significant number of
Americans just don’t consider government by liberals – even very
moderate liberals – legitimate. Barack Obama’s election would have
enraged those people even if he were white. Of course, the fact that he
isn’t, and has an alien-sounding name, adds to the rage.

By the way, I’m not talking about the
rage of the excluded and the dispossessed: Tea Partiers are relatively
affluent, and nobody is angrier these days than the very, very rich.
Wall Street has turned on Obama with a vengeance: Last month Steve
Schwarzman, the billionaire chairman of the Blackstone Group, the
private equity giant, compared proposals to end tax loopholes for hedge
fund managers with the Nazi invasion of Poland.

And powerful forces are promoting and
exploiting this rage. Jane Mayer’s new article in The New Yorker about
the superrich Koch brothers and their war against Obama has generated
much-justified attention, but as Mayer herself points out, only the
scale of their effort is new: billionaires like Richard Mellon Scaife
waged a similar war against Bill Clinton.

Meanwhile, the right-wing media are
replaying their greatest hits. In the 1990s, Limbaugh used innuendo to
feed anti-Clinton mythology, notably the insinuation that Hillary
Clinton was complicit in the death of Vince Foster. Now, as we’ve just
seen, he’s doing his best to insinuate that Obama is a Muslim. Again,
though, there’s an extra level of craziness this time around: Limbaugh
is the same as he always was, but now seems tame compared with Glenn
Beck.

And where, in all of this, are the
responsible Republicans, leaders who will stand up and say that some
partisans are going too far? Nowhere to be found.

To take a prime example: The hysteria
over the proposed Islamic center in lower Manhattan almost makes one
long for the days when former President George W. Bush tried to soothe
religious hatred, declaring Islam a religion of peace. There were good
reasons for his position: There are a billion Muslims in the world, and
America can’t afford to make all of them its enemies.

But here’s the thing: Bush is still
around, as are many of his former officials. Where are the statements,
from the former president or those in his inner circle, preaching
tolerance and denouncing anti-Islam hysteria? On this issue, as on many
others, the GOP establishment is offering a nearly uniform profile in
cowardice.

So what will happen if, as expected,
Republicans win control of the House? We already know part of the
answer: Politico reports that they’re gearing up for a repeat
performance of the 1990s, with a “wave of committee investigations” –
several of them over supposed scandals that we already know are
completely phony. We can expect the GOP to play chicken over the
federal budget, too; I’d put even odds on a 1995-type government
shutdown sometime over the next couple of years.

It will be an ugly scene, and it will
be dangerous, too. The 1990s were a time of peace and prosperity; this
is a time of neither. In particular, we’re still suffering the
after-effects of the worst economic crisis since the 1930s, and we
can’t afford to have a federal government paralysed by an opposition
with no interest in helping the president govern. But that’s what we’re
likely to get.

If I were Obama, I’d be doing all I
could to head off this prospect, offering some major new initiatives on
the economic front in particular, if only to shake up the political
dynamic. But my guess is that the president will continue to play it
safe, all the way into catastrophe.

© 2010 New York Times News Service

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The growth and employment pact

The growth and employment pact

While I was away in
the South East I was pleased to get an sms from my good friend Volker
Treichel that he is back in town. Volker had been Chief Economist of
the World Bank in Nigeria for several years. A German national, Volker
understands the Nigerian political economy rather well.

Towards year’s end
last year he had spearheaded a study on Growth and Employment in
Nigeria. His basic message was a simple but alarming one: the economy
is trundling along okay, but the people are not.

This message was
reinforced at last week’s seminar on the new Growth and Employment Pact
initiative where finance minister Olusegun Aganga reiterated the
government’s determination to mainstream job-creation within the
country’s economic growth paradigm. The minister noted that the economy
had been growing at an average of 6 percent during 2005-2009 even as
unemployment has continued to rise.

According to the
National Bureau of Statistics, unemployment increased from 11.5 percent
in 2005 to 19 percent in 2009. With our current estimated population of
145 million,

this means that
27.5 million Nigerians are without jobs; a figure that is more than the
total population of Ghana (23.35 million) and Mozambique (22.38
million). If one also considers the sober fact that an estimated 94
percent of the employed are in the informal sector, then one gets a
grim picture of our national tragedy.

To be sure,
unemployment is an increasingly worrying trend the world over.
According to Angel Gurria, Secretary-General of the Paris-based OECD,
unemployment in the richest countries has risen from an average of 5
percent to the current 9.9 percent. Within the 27-member European
Union, the jobless stand at 23.06 million, a figure that significantly
less than Nigeria’s. What is more, in the advanced welfare democracies,
every unemployed citizen has access to social benefits.

In Britain, this
would include a free council flat and a monthly allowance of £400
(120,000 naira). A Scottish friend who was visiting at our home
recently told me that some of his unemployed nephews and nieces have
virtually no incentive to work, since their welfare benefits are only
marginally lower than what is on offer on the lower-skilled jobs market.

Contrast this with
Nigeria, where there are no welfare benefits to speak, within an
economy that Nobel laureate Paul Krugman would describe as one of
“diminished expectations”.

Over the past
decade, the billions of dollars of inward investments that we have
witnessed have been predominantly in the oil and gas sector, telecoms
and banking – sectors that do not generate a great deal of jobs.

Our manufacturing
sector has been virtually comatose, with several firms having relocated
to Ghana and other neighbouring countries, thanks to lack of
electricity, the high rate of criminal violence and a generally
inhospitable business climate. With an inflation rate that has averaged
more than 10 percent and with all the prevailing structural bottlenecks
in our economy, things have never looked more hopeless. Our youths are
understandably angry, with an army of unemployed that are large enough
to stage a violent national uprising. We are sitting on a time bomb.

It is an irony that
international development agencies have been more concerned about the
unfolding drama than succeeding Nigerian governments. The UK Department
for International Development (DFID) in collaboration with the World
Bank recently launched the Growth Employment in States (GEMS)
programme. GEMS seeks to boost the productive sector by improving the
business environment so as to accelerate private investment while
creating jobs and boosting incomes.

The two agencies
have contributed a total of US$300 million to the project, which will
initially cover four selected states of Lagos, Kano, Kaduna and Cross
River on a pilot basis. Among the sectors to be covered are wholesale
and retail trade, meat and leather, hospitality (hotels and tourism),
entertainment (music, films, Nollywood) and construction and real
estate.

The Growth and
Employment Pact opens up a new window of opportunity to resolutely
address one of our nation’s gravest development challenges. It calls
for action, not rhetoric. We must work across the three tiers of
government to launch a massive programme for the rebirth of the non-oil
sector while boosting jobs and getting our people back to work.

We have to think
outside the box. If we could put aside 200 billion naira every year for
the next 5 years we could take an average of some 1 million youths off
the streets by engaging them in the construction of rural roads, rail
tracks and other such direct labour public works. It would have such a
huge impact on the economy; restoring hope, boosting aggregate demand
and giving a massive push to growth and long-term sustainable
development.

During the 1930s
Great Depression in the USA, President Franklin Roosevelt applied this
public works approach in his New Deal strategy, with impressive
results. President Barak Obama is following the same philosophy, with
modifications. The long-suffering people of Nigeria expect nothing less.

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Another epidemic of cholera

Another epidemic of cholera

Recent figures from the Federal Ministry of Health
indicate that the death toll from the most recent cholera epidemic to
hit Nigeria has risen to 350.

The numbers are still rising, and the ministry has
warned that “the entire country is at risk.” This latest epidemic has
hit at least eleven states, most of them in Northern Nigeria.

In August 2009, a similar epidemic broke out in Adamawa, Borno, Taraba and Jigawa states, claiming hundreds of lives.

Only a month ago, a Reuters’ news report said that
77 persons had died from cholera in Northern Cameroon, since the
beginning of June.

Reuters quoted an unnamed official of the Red
Cross as saying, back then: “There is the fear that if nothing is done
urgently, the epidemic might expand rapidly with uncalculated
consequences in Cameroon and neighbouring countries like Nigeria and
Chad.” Now it is clear that those fears were not unfounded. The ticking
time-bomb has exploded in Nigeria, and there is an understandable level
of panic in the land.

It is disheartening to imagine that in the 21st
century, Nigeria, with all the billions of dollars from oil at her
disposal, cannot save her citizens from a disease as preventable as
cholera.

In November 2009, barely a year ago, this paper lamented as much in an editorial.

“It is lamentable that despite the huge sums of
money allocated by our government for water supply to every part of the
country, many of our citizens still have to die due to lack of potable
water. The question then is: where does all the money go?” we said.

One year later that question still hangs
accusingly over the land. Where indeed does all the money go? Where do
all the promises by the government go?

Why are we saddled with a government that can only
react to tragedy, but will not do anything to prevent it from happening
in the first place? Following every outbreak of cholera – a scenario
which has now become a fixture on the calendar, such that it would not
be out of place if some state governments included “provision for
cholera” in the recurrent expenditure sections of their annual budgets
– governments fall over themselves to announce emergency measures.

Huge sums of money are released, isolation camps created, press conferences set up, assurances dispensed with reckless abandon.

A short while later, everything is packed up, the government returns to its standard state of slumber, to await the next epidemic.

And cholera is not the only epidemic to regularly hit Nigeria – the Northern part especially.

Meningitis and measles are regulars as well.

While the country succumbs to the menace of
cholera, our state governors appear more concerned with asserting their
powers as stakeholders in the politicking and horse-trading gaining
ground in the build-up to 2011.

When the Governors of the worst hit areas –
Northern Nigeria – gather under the aegis of the Northern Governors’
Forum, it is not to deliberate on the persistent threat posed by
cholera, it is to make silly declarations about “zoning.” What of the
local government authorities, whose primary duties it should be to
ensure the availability of potable water in communities, as well as
that citizens are adequately enlightened regarding the importance of
personal hygiene, since cholera is caused by the ingestion of food and
water contaminated with bacteria. We have come to the conclusion that
our local government authorities might as well not exist; such is the
extent of their abdication of governance that there is no point even
bothering to censure them. They are in most cases no more than huge
drain-pipes on the nation’s resources. Indeed, it may be argued that
the billions currently wasted on them would be better spent shared in
cash to the citizenry.

The health authorities have already wasted no time
in telling us what we already know: that this latest epidemic should be
blamed on contaminated water and a disregard for personal hygiene. But
what Nigerians, and presumably the world at large, would like to know
is this: While other countries struggle — and learn to cope — with
unavoidable natural disasters, like hurricanes and flooding, why does
Nigeria maintain its penchant for creating and perpetuating avoidable
ones?

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